39^th Asia-Pacific Dental and Oral Care Congress October 26-28, 2017 Hyatt Regency Osaka, Japan

Hammia Zanzabiela is a dental student (6th year) in Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. As she studies in an islamic university, she is interested in qur’anic study and she believes that it could be effectively applied in dental practice. She is also active in some dental activities such as dental voluntary project, being a committe of Dental National Month, and organizing dental seminars.

Anxiety is a normal development pattern in a child’s growth. At the age of eight, children tend to be more anxious about some specific things or certain events, especially in dental clinics. There are so many things affecting minor anxiety during treatment. Sound is one such factor. Murottal Al-Qur’an is a kind of audio distraction method. Its sound has an ability to boost delta waves in order to make people feel relaxed. The aim of this study is to determine the differences in anxiety levels of minor dental patients after applying murottal Al-Qur’an intervention. This study used an interventional analytic method of giving a pre-test and a post-test to one group. The measuring tool was the Venham Picture test. There were 16 minor dental patient respondents ranging from 8 to 12 years old. Firstly, the operator gave them the tooth preparation treatment for five minutes, and then patients were given a pre-test to determine their initial anxiety levels. After that, they had their tooth preparation continued while listening to murottal Al-Qur’an. Finally, the patients took the post-test. Results showed that all respondents experienced varied decreasing levels of anxiety. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test proved that there was a significant difference between pre and post-test anxiety levels from murottal Al-Qur’an intervention in dental restoration treatment, pointed by 0,000 (sig <0,05). It can be concluded that there was a difference in anxiety levels after using murottal Al-Qur’an with minor dental patients, and murottal itself may be chosen as a method of children’s behavioral management in a dental clinic.

Andikha Dara Asmara Putri is a dental student (6th year) in Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. As she did the study, she is interested in periodontics dental material and she believes it could be useful for dental knowledge in the future. She is also active in some dental activities such as dental voluntary project, being a committe of International Dental Summer School and organizing dental seminars.

Tamarind Seeds and Fruit (Tamarindus indica L.) have some useful active substances that inhibit bacterial activity and can decrease the level of calculus hardness. Active compounds contained in seeds and fruit of tamarind, such as albuminoid and tanin. Tanin is a compound that can inhibit microbial growth by inhibiting the action of enzymes. Albuminoid is a common name of a group of proteins in the form of colloid solutions that play a role in binding calcium and phosphate ions, which are responsible for the formation of calcium phosphate salts (calculus-forming minerals). In the event of a bond between the albuminoid and the minerals, the process of calculus formation is impaired. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of tamarind seeds and fruit extract toothpaste as antibacterial agent and calculus softener. This research was a pure laboratory experimental with tamarind seeds and fruit toothpaste as a research subject. The toothpaste combination made according to composition of Volk & Ash with 3 comparison of concentration combination, seed extract 50% - 50% fruit extract, 75% seed extract - 25% fruit extract, and 25% seed extract - fruit extract 75%. Microbial test materials were using Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and hardness test materials were using post-scaling calculus. Minimal Inhibitory Level (KHM) and Minimal Kill Content (KBM) of tamarind seeds and fruit extract toothpaste showed the antibacterial activity against the germ with Mueller Hinton method. The hardness test was using Micro Vickers Hardness Tester.

Dyah Ayu Anindya Susanti has completed her bachelor of dentistry at the age of 22 years from School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. She once became the Chief of Dental Student Association (HIMAKAGI) in Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta and vice project manager of 5th International Dental Summer School in 2013. She also joined the Student Exchange Program in School of Dentistry Tokushima University Japan in October 2014. She is now finishing her clinical year in Dental Hospital of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogakarta.

Acrylic resin is a material that is often used as a denture base. Acrylic resin is containing ethylene vinyl derived groups in the formula. Clinicians tend to select the acrylic resin as a denture base material because it has a non-toxic nature, not irritating, not soluble in oral fluids, good aesthetics, easily manipulated, easy reparation, and small dimensions change. Nevertheless, acrylic resin has the disadvantage that the content of methacrylate monomers inside the molecule produces unpleasant smell during the process of manipulation. This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of mint leaf extract (Mentha piperita) added to the acrylic resin before polymerization to the hardness of acrylic plate. A total of 15 samples in this research in the form of plates which size 64X10X3,3 mm that were divided into three different groups. Group 1 without the addition of mint leaf extract, group 2 with the addition of mint leaf extract 0.25 ml, and group 3 with the addition of mint leaf extract 0.5 ml. Then the whole sample were left for a process of perfect polymerization and then proceed with testing of the hardness using the Micro Vickers Hardness using 10 gf mass load. The results of comparative parametric statistical tests Oneway ANOVA revealed that there was an effect of the addition of mint leaf extract (p <0.05), there is a significant difference in hardness values between groups. Then from the LSD (Least Significant Different) revealed that there is any significant difference in the value of acrylic resin hardness between each group in this study. So the addition of mint leaf extract (Mentha piperita) affect the hardness of chemical activated acrylic resin.

Laya Ezzatabadipour obtained my DDS from kerman university of medical sciences in 2016. She is working in a clinic about a year. Meanwhile, She lived in japan for one year with my family.

Dentistry fear has often existed among people especially children. This fear can lead to a lack of referring to dentistry and losing the golden opportunity of preserving teeth and creating health problems of mouth and teeth. Therefore the necessity of anticipating some preparations for reduction of fear, such as the dentist appearance, so the aim of this study was to examine the attitude of parents and children towards the male dentist type of clothing in private clinics. This study was conducted on 150 children and parents referring to Kerman city private clinics who had been selected by random sampling method. Data collecting tool was questionnaire including demographic information and 16 questions of examining attitude and 16 pictures. In this study, 54% of people were mothers (average age: 35±15) and 46% was consisted of fathers (average age: 37±18). Education of them were less diploma (2.66%), diploma (25.33%), and academic (72.01%). The majority of them (72.44%) considered wearing white slop along with natty appearance and ordered hair as suitable for their dentist. The average of pictures score was suitable in children and parents view. Wearing white long slop with ordered hairs had the highest positive score and formal clothing (suit and necktie) with disorderly hair acquired the least score in children and parents view. There was a significant relation between parents' education level and their attitude towards the dentist clothing. No significant relation was found between parent’s age and their attitude towards the dentist type of clothing.

Mina is a resident in periodontology department , Alexandria Dental Research Center , Alexandria , Egypt since 2010.He had an experience in field of periodontology over 7 years and created "what's perio" mission which is aiming to educate & inform general practitioners with the importance of field of periodontology among other various dental specialities through many basic & advanced periodontal courses which was held in many cities all over Egypt.he had an e-poster presentations in Egyptian Dental Syndicate International Conference in July 2016.

Localized gingival enlargements associated with periodontal diseases , should be carefully diganosed.It may vary from a simple lesion that resolves with periodontal treatment a benign & eventually pre malignant lesions that needs attention and follow-up. This poster explains 4 case reports of 4 reactive lesions of the gingiva which we can face during our daily dental practice and to know how to treat them. "Pyogenic granuloma , peripheral giant cell granuloma , Benign fibrous histiocytoma & fibrous overgrowth with mild dysplastic changes (Premalignant)".

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate Effect of different dentin conditions and different co-solvent ingredients of one step self-etch adhesives on shear bond strength. Materials and methods: 60 extracted teeth were divided according to the adhesive systems and dentin conditions into 6 groups of 10 teeth each [Xeno III – dry dentin, Xeno III – moist dentin, Adper Prompot L-Pop – dry dentin, Adper Prompot LPop – moist dentin, iBond – dry dentin, and iBond – moist dentin]. Resin composite cylinder was built up on each specimen, and then thermocycled. A shear load was applied to the specimens using universal testing (Instron machine) at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min until failure occurred. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparison test at 95% confidence level. Results and conclusion: The highest mean shear bond strength to dry dentin was seen when Xeno III containing ethanol co-solvent ingredient was used. The highest mean shear bond strength to moist dentin was seen when iBond which contains acetone co-solvent ingredient was used. In the absence of a co-solvent ingredient in self-etch adhesive (Adper Prompot L-Pop), the mean shear bond strengths to dry and moist dentin were low with no significant difference between them. Keywords Adhesives, Dental etching, Dentin , Shear strength

The aim of this study was to assess the shear bond strength of four acetone-based one-bottle adhesive systems to enamel and dentin, and compare to that of an ethanol-based system used as control. Fifty human molars were bisected mesiodistally and the buccal and lingual surfaces were embedded in acrylic resin using PVC cylinders. The buccal surfaces were ground to obtain flat dentin surfaces, while the lingual surfaces were ground to obtain flat enamel surfaces. All specimens were polished up to 600-grit sandpapers and randomly assigned to 5 groups (n=20; 10 dentin specimens and 10 enamel specimens), according to the adhesive system used: One-Step (Bisco); Gluma One Bond (Heraeus Kulzer); Solobond M (Voco); TenureQuik w/F (Den-Mat) and OptiBond Solo Plus (Kerr) (control). Each adhesive system was applied according to the manufacturers' instructions. The respective proprietary hybrid composite was applied in a gelatin capsule (d=4.3mm) and light-cured for 40 s. The specimens were tested in shear strength with an Instron machine at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min. Bond strengths means were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and Duncan's post-hoc (p£0.05). Shear bond strength means (MPa) (±SD) to enamel and dentin were: Enamel: One-Step=11.3(±4.9); Gluma One Bond=16.3(±10.1); Solobond M=18.9(±4.5); TenureQuik w/F=18.7(±4.5) and OptiBond Solo Plus=16.4(±3.9); Dentin: One-Step=6.4(±2.8); Gluma One Bond=3.0(±3.4); Solobond M=10.6(±4.9); TenureQuik w/F=7.8(±3.9) and OptiBond Solo Plus=15.1(±8.9). In enamel, the adhesive systems had statistically similar bond strengths to each other (p>0.05). However, the ethanol-based system (OptiBond Solo Plus) showed significantly higher bond strength to dentin than the acetone-based systems (p£0.0001). In conclusion, the solvent type (acetone or ethanol) had no influence on enamel bond strength, but had great influence on dentin bonding, which should be taken into account when choosing the adhesive system. Key Words: shear bond strength, acid etching, adhesive systems, dentin bonding, enamel bonding.

ABSTRACT The aims of this in vitro study were both to determine the time necessary for removal of carious dentin (efficiency) and the Knoop Hardness Number (KHN) of the remaining dentin (effectiveness), using a chemomechanical method (Carisolv) or hand excavation. Thirty human molars were bisected through occlusal carious lesions into two equal halves. Each half was randomly excavated by hand in circular movements with a spoon excavator or using Carisolv gel according to the manufacturer's instructions. The duration of carious dentin removal was recorded. Tooth sections were resin-embedded, ground flat and polished. Dentin KHN was determined at distances of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 m from the cavity floor. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon's test (=0.01), ANOVA and Student's t test (= 0.05). The median of the time necessary for chemomechanical excavation was significantly greater than for hand excavation. KHN means (± SD) at 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 µm for chemomechanical method were, respectively: 15.6 (±4.96), 18.0 (±6.22), 21.3 (±9.30), 24.3 (±9.25), 28.5 (±11.80); and for hand excavation were: 21.2 (±10.26), 23.4 (±9.49), 28.2 (±11.62), 31.0 (±12.17), 34.3 (±11.95). It may be concluded that hand excavation presented higher efficiency and effectiveness than chemomechanical excavation. Key Words: dental caries, dentin, Knoop hardness, Carisolv.

This study evaluated the influence of curing devices on marginal adaptation of cavities restored with self-etching adhesive containing CQ and PPD initiators and hybrid composite. Twenty-four class V (3 groups, n=8) with margins located on enamel and dentin were restored with Clearfil S3 Bond and Clearfil APX PLT, light-cured with a monowave LED, multiwave LED and halogen light-curing unit (LCU). Marginal adaptation was evaluated with SEM before/after thermo-mechanical loading (TML). On enamel, significantly lower % continuous margins (74.5±12.6) were found in group cured by multiwave LED when compared to monowave LED (87.6±9.5) and halogen LCU (94.4±9.1). The presence of enamel and composite fractures was significantly higher in the group light-cured with multiwave LED, probably due to an increased materials’ friability resulted from an improved degree of cure. The clinician should aware that due to a distinct activation of both initiators, marginal quality may be influenced on the long-term. Keywords: Marginal adaptation, Friability, Resin composite

This study compared the dentin bond strength of a new universal adhesive with that of contemporary multi-step dentin adhesives. Six experimental groups were prepared according to the adhesives used and their application modes: Optibond FL (OB), Adper Single Bond Plus (SB), One-Step Plus (OS), Clearfil SE Bond (CS), All-Bond Universal using etch-and-rinse mode (ABE), and AllBond Universal using self-etch mode (ABS). Micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) and failure mode were evaluated for each group. The bonded interface was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As a result, µTBS of 6 experimental groups was followed as: OB=ABE=SE=ABS>SB>OS group. TEM micrographs of ABE and ABS groups revealed a homogenous adhesive layer formation. In conclusion, a new universal adhesive can make reliable bond to dentin, regardless of the application mode. Keywords: Universal adhesive, Micro-tensile bond strength, Failure mode, Transmission electron microscope

Abstract: To investigate the effects of bleaching agent on microhardness, color and light transmission of different restorative materials. Specimens (n=20) of Tetric EvoCeram (TEC), Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (TECBF) and Equia Fill (EQUIA) were treated with either 40% hydrogen peroxide Opalesence Boost or destilled water for 45 min. Specimens were stained in tea solution or stored in deionized water for one and two weeks. Color, microhardness and light transmission were monitored at the baseline, after the bleaching and after the tea immersion or storage in deionized water. After the bleaching a significant reduction in surface microhardness (p<0.001) was recorded for all materials. Clinically visible color change (ΔE>3) was observed after the bleaching and after treatment in tea solution, but only in EQUIA samples. The absorption coefficient was the largest for the samples stained in tea solution. Bleaching can affect the microhardness and color of fillings; therefore, they should be sometimes replaced. Keywords: Bleaching agents, Composite material, Glassionomer cement, Light transmission, Microhardness

Shear bond strength of a novel light cured calcium silicate based-cement to resin composite using different adhesive systems

Abstract The study aimed to assess the accuracy and reproducibility of occlusal caries depth measurements obtained from different imaging modalities. The study comprised 21 human mandibular molar teeth with occlusal caries. Teeth were imaged using film, CCD, two different cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) units and a microcomputer tomography (micro-CT). Thereafter, each tooth was serially sectioned, and the section with the deepest carious lesion was scanned using a high-resolution scanner. Each image set was separately viewed by three oral radiologists. Images were viewed randomly, and each set was viewed twice. Lesion depth was measured on film images using a digital caliper, on CCD and CBCT images using built-in measurement tools, on micro-CT images using the Mimics software program, and on histological images using AxioVision Rel. 4.7. Intra- and inter-rater reliabilities were assessed according to the Bland/Altman method by calculating Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs). Mean/median values obtained with intraoral systems were lower than those obtained with 3-D and histological images for all observers and both readings. Intra-observer ICC values for all observers were highest for histology and micro-CT. In addition, intra-observer ICC values were higher for histology and CBCT than for histology and intra-oral methods. Inter-observer ICC values for first and second readings were high for all observers. No differences in repeatability were found between Accuitomo and Iluma CBCT images or between intra-oral film and CCD images. Micro-CT was found to be the best imaging method for the ex vivo measurement of occlusal caries depth. In addition, both CBCT units performed similarly and better than intra-oral modalities. Keywords Occlusal caries.Depth measurement.CBCT. Micro-CT.Radiography

Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a visual-tactile examination and a laser fluorescence device for detecting residual dentinal caries after carious dentin removal with bur excavation, hand excavation and chemomechanical excavation (CarisolvTM]. Methods: Thirty extracted coronal caries primary second molars were used. The caries infected dentin has been removed. A blinded examiner checked all cavities for residual caries using a visual-tactile examination and laser fluorescence. Then the teeth were sectioned through the prepared cavities and the two halves of each tooth were processed for light microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The presence or absence of residual caries was verified using polarized light microscopy as the gold standard. The cavity floor dentin after removing carious dentin was examined using SEM. Results: In among all groups a significant difference is determined between visual-tactile examination and laser fluorescence (P<.05). There was an agreement between laser fluorescence or visual-tactile examination and histological gold standard (P>.05). In addition, SEM images of the surfaces with the caries removed have shown that a vast majority of the tubule openings is observed to be open in the samples of the Carisolv group in opposition to the other groups. Conclusions: The laser fluorescence system could be effective in checking the removal by other methods, such as bur or Carisolv and avoid excessive removal of the sound dentin. Key words: Caries removal techniques; Carisolv; Laser fluorescence; Residual caries; Carious dentin; Children.

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of air abrasion on marginal integrity of class V cavity restored with direct esthetic materials. Methods: A total number of 150 sound human posterior teeth were used. They were divided into two subgroups (n=75) according to the used restorative material [A1: low shrinkable composite resin (P90) and A2: Ketac nano ionomer (N100)]. Each group was divided into five groups (n=15) according to the cavity preparation technique (B1: conventional bur, B2: small size alumina particles with low pressure, B3: small size alumina particles with high pressure, B4: large size alumina particles, with low pressure, and B5: large size alumina particles with high pressure). Each subgroup was further divided into three subgroups (n=5) according to the storage time (C1: immediately, C2: three months, and C3 six months). Marginal integrity was measured using scanning electron microscope. Two-way analysis of variance was used to compare the mean values of marginal gaps for both enamel and dentin margins. Student's t-test was used to compare the mean values of marginal gaps for each group. Results: It was found that; largest gape was detected for group A2B1C3, while the smallest gap was detected for group A1B5C1. Conclusion: Using of air abrasion technique with large size alumina particles under high pressure resulted in better marginal adaptation. Key words: Air abrasion, low shrinkable composite, marginal adaptation.

Hani Jaha, has completed his Bachelor degree at the age of 25 years from King Abdulaziz University faculty of dentistry. Still in the internship program in King Abdulaziz university faculty of dentistry. He was born in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. He born in region there was no awarness regarding the human health in general, one of his dreams was to increase the awarness and to change the atitude of the people toward general health. Now he is trying his best to educate the the whole population that living in his country by visiting the schools, Mobile clinics, posters publishing and pemphlets.

Introduction: Tooth transposition is considered when two neighboring teeth alter their position in an abnormal pathway. Two types of tooth transposition exist, either complete or incomplete. The etiology of tooth transposition is still unknown. Tooth transposition is a rare condition and there were no enough studies to show the exact prevalence of this dental anomaly and the possibly associated dental anomalies in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Objectives of the current study: To assess the prevalence and the pattern of dental transposition in a Saudi sample and to assess any possible association between transposition and other dental anomalies. Methods: A samples of digital orthopantomograms (OPGs) were collected from the records of patients seeking dental treatment in North Jeddah Specialty Center between 2016 – 2017. A thorough examination were done to their OPGs. Data were collected and filled in excel sheet which categorized into (presence of tooth transposition, hypodontia, impaction, peg shaped laterals, etc.). Results: Regardless of patients age and sex, this research focused on the region of tooth transposition and to which tooth it’s related. A total of 7 (0.7%) patients found to have tooth transposition. With more predominance in the upper arch. Others dental anomalies were noted during OPGs examination. Congenitally missing tooth was the most common anomaly (2.1%), followed by tooth impaction (0.9%), peg shaped lateral (0.6%) and then tourodontism, microdontia, supernumerary and dilaceration were equally distributed (0.3%). Conclusions: Tooth transposition considered a rare phenomenon (0.7%). Upper canine was the most common transposed tooth (85%). The most associated anomaly was peg shaped lateral and 3rd molars impaction.

Dr. AlDary has earned his Bachelors Degree in Dentistry from Syria1994, in 2003 he took a 300 hours Maxicourse training in implant dentistry and practicing Implant Dentistry in his practice in Amman Jordan since then he has lectured in local and regional dental meetings has publications about implant dentistry in regional journals in the middle east has got a patent of one dental instrument in 2015 taken from Jordan

Socket Shield is becoming a widely used technique by implantologists as one of the ways of socket preservation, in this technique, instead of extracting the whole tooth from the boney socket, the tooth is being cut into 2 pieces, a buccal one and a platal/lingual, the inner fragment is being taken out, the buccal one is left intact, the inner surface of this fragment then is being reduced along the long axis in a way leaving a space to place an implant behind it. The idea of this technique is to maintain the periodontal system on the buccal side of the socket undamaged, so preventing the collapse of the buccal bone which results from the remodelling process of the boney socket, this will maintain the volume of the gingiva and maintain the whole periodontal structure undamaged, enhancing the emergence profile of the prosthesis retained by the implant. in the case which is going to be presented in this report, the socket shield technique was performed to the patient, after 2 months of the implant placement, an infection has developed causing the implant to fail, the implant was removed afterwords, yet the fragment of the tooth-the socket shield- stayed intact and hasn’t been lost, a 3 months time has elapsed before placing a new implant, the implant has got osteo-integrated then has been restored.

Dental caries has always been one of the major problems which affect the majority of population in every country, regardless of the gender, race or even age. Proper diagnosis of any ailment plays a vital role in the success of any treatment. PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of dental caries among students whose age ranging from 5 – 6 years old. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 319 students from Malolos, Bulacan were included in the study. The researchers used several diagnostic tools to assess the incidence of caries among the respondents; ICDAS form, WHO Oral health form and ADA Caries Risk Assessment form were used by two examiners with high reproducibility (Kappa score >0.81) RESULTS: There is no direct correlation of gender to caries incidence when using ICDAS or DMF index. Most of the respondents have Code 5 and 6 and some has active lesions. More carious lesions have been detected when using ICDAS compare to that of the DMF index. CONCLUSION: There were significant correlation between ICDAS and DMF index. ICDAS can detect more carious lesion. The success of the treatment will rely on successful diagnosis of the examiner; therefore, using new caries classification system may help in proper diagnosis.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the increase of energy density on Knoop hardness of Z250 and Esthet-X composite resins. Cylindrical cavities (3 mm in diameter X 3 mm in depth) were prepared on the buccal surface of 144 bovine incisors. The composite resins were bulk-inserted and polymerized using different light-curing units and times: conventional QTH (quartz-tungsten-halogen; 700 mW/cm2; 20 s, 30 s and 40 s); LED (light-emitting diode; 440 mW/cm2; 20 s, 30 s and 40 s); PAC (xenon plasma arc; 1700 mW/cm2; 3 s, 4.5 s and 6 s). The specimens were stored at 37°C for 24 h prior to sectioning for Knoop hardness assessment. Three measurements were obtained for each depth: top surface, 1 mm and 2 mm. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). Regardless of the light source or energy density, Knoop hardness of Z250 was statistically significant higher than that of Esthet-X (p<0.05). Specimens cured with PAC had lower hardness than those cured with QTH and LED (p<0.05). Higher Knoop hardness was obtained when the energy density was increased for LED and PAC (p<0.05). No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were found for QTH. Knoop hardness values decreased with the increase of depth. The increase of energy density produced composites with higher Knoop hardness means using LED and PAC. Key Words: composite resin, energy density, Knoop hardness, light curing, light sources.